Wednesday, July 22, 2026

“What a calamity!”—Diary of Rutherford B. Hayes

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July 22.–Just received news of a dreadful defeat at Manassas, or beyond Centreville. General McDowell’s column pushed on after some successes, were met apparently by fresh troops, checked, driven back, utterly routed! What a calamity! Will not the secession fever sweep over the border States, driving out Kentucky, Missouri, (Baltimore) Maryland, etc., etc.? Is not [...]

Diary and Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes

Clara Barton to her father

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Washington D.C. July 22nd 1861 Monday Evening 6 o’clock P.M. My dear father, It becomes my painful duty to write you of the disaster of yesterday. Our Army has been unfortunate, that the results amount to a defeat we are not willing to admit, but we have been severely repulsed, and our troops returned in [...]

Miscellaneous document sources

Richmond

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RICHMOND, VA., July 22, 1861. My Dear Mother: As George wrote two or three times since I have, I told him I would write when we got to Richmond. The first thing I knew this morning was that he was writing home, so I told him to leave some room for me and I would [...]

Civil War Letters of Walter and George Battle

Mary Chesnut’s Diary.—”A great battle has been fought. Joe Johnston led the right wing, and Beauregard the left wing of the army. Your husband is all right.”

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July 22d.–Mrs. Davis came in so softly that I did not know she was here until she leaned over me and said: “A great battle has been fought. ¹ Joe Johnston led the right wing, and Beauregard the left wing of the army. Your husband is all right. Wade Hampton is wounded. Colonel Johnston of [...]

A Diary From Dixie by Mary Boykin Miller Chesnut.

Richmond

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RICHMOND, VA., July 22, 1861. Dear Mother: We arrived here yesterday, and had to walk about four miles to our camps, with our knapsacks on our backs, and everything necessary to soldiers. Before we left Camp Hill, we got our state uniform, blankets and all the accouterments. We were nearly worn out after having walked [...]

Civil War Letters of Walter and George Battle

John Beauchamp Jones’ Diary.—”The battle had been won, and the enemy were flying from the field before the President appeared upon it.”

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JULY 22d.—Both Col. B. and I were in a passion this morning upon finding that the papers had published a dispatch from their own agent at Manassas, stating that the President did not arrive upon the field until the victory was won; and therefore did not participate in the battle at all. From the President’s [...]

Civil War Day-by-Day

Extracts from the journal of Commander Semmes, C.S. Navy, commanding C.S.S. Sumter

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Monday, July 22.—Warped alongside a wharf in the edge of the town and commenced receiving coal. Refitting and repainting ship. In the afternoon I took a stroll through the town. It is a quaint, picturesque looking place, with some evidences of improvements, as the building of new houses, etc., but the general air was that [...]

War of the Rebellion: from the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies and Navies

We have now had the newspaper accounts as far as they go…Woolsey family letters; Jane Eliza Woolsey to her daughters, to Georgeanna and Eliza.

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Monday, July 22, 1861. My dear Girls We have had an exciting night and morning. Just as we were going to bed last night we heard the distant sound of an “Extra;” it was very late; everybody in bed. We had been out to the meeting of the Evangelical Alliance at Dr. McAuley’s Church. We [...]

Woolsey family letters during the War for the Union

John T. Hughes

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Civil War Era Photographic Portraiture #007 John T. Hughes (July 25, 1817 — August 11, 1862) was a colonel in the Missouri State Guard and Confederate Army during the American Civil War. He might also have been a brigadier general at the time of his death but documentation of the appointment is lacking. Hughes returned [...]

Civil War Era Photographic Portraiture

“The news-boys are still shouting with their extras, ‘Battle of Bull’s Run! List of the killed! Battle of Manassas! List of the wounded!’ ”—War Diary of a Union Woman in the South by Dora Richards Miller

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July 22.—What a day! I feel like one who has been out in a high wind, and cannot get my breath. The news-boys are still shouting with their extras, “Battle of Bull’s Run! List of the killed! Battle of Manassas! List of the wounded!” Tender-hearted Mrs. F. was sobbing so she could not serve the [...]

War Diary of a Union Woman in the South

Civil War Day-By-Day

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July 22, 1861 George B. McClellan [US] ordered to Washington to take command of the Army of the Potomac following the defeat at Bull Run In a proclamation, Jefferson Davis accepts Tennessee as a member of the Confederacy A Chronological History of the Civil War in America1 Gens. McDowell and Mansfield superseded in command of [...]

Civil War Day-by-Day