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News of the Day

May 20, 1863, The New York Herald

Our New Orleans Correspondence.

NEW ORLEANS, April 30, 1863.

The great importance of General Banks’ recent victories can scarcely be appreciated by the people of the North. Let me assure you that their results will be of incalculable benefit to our country.

The rebel prisoners in communicating with their friends today, represent that the campaign of the Teche country is of far greater importance that any other that has occurred during the war. They avow that every effort will be made to concentrate all the available force west of the Mississippi, for the defeat of our columns. The concentration is easy, because the great portion of their troops are mounted. But it is not believed by them that they can gather more than twelve or fifteen thousand men. They say that unless they can successfully oppose the progress of General Banks’ column the confederacy is cut in two. This comes from one of the most intelligent men in their army.

A significant fact in the present condition of affairs is found in the movements of the planters. These men are not politicians, and although assenting to the rebellion, and, since the secession of the State, sympathizing if not participating with the rebels, they are governed now with reference to their own interest; they act together. Recently they had two meetings, of which no notice has been taken by the public, and to which no reference has been made by the newspapers. The condition of the South, of the rebel government, and of the federal army have been fully considered and discussed. Their judgment is worth attention, and the conclusion of all their deliberations has been that they will at once take efficient measures to aid in the restoration of the government of the Union in this State; and, not content with acting for this city of which they are citizens, they will advise the planting interest of all the southern States to pursue the same course. They [continue reading…]

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News of the Day

May 20, 1863, Tri-Weekly Telegraph (Houston, Texas)

            Rev. Mr. Moeling has, since the battle of Galveston, devoted himself to getting up a painting of the principal scene in the battle–the capture of the Harriet Lane.  The artist has taken the moment when the Bayou City ran into the Lane, and our boarders rushed on board and captured the vessel.  The painting gives one a good idea of the position of affairs at this juncture of the battle.  Mr. Moeling has his picture on exhibition in the office lately occupied by Messrs. McKeen, upstairs in Wilson’s building.  Admission, 50 cents.

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News of the Day
1860s newsprint

May 20, 1863, Galveston Weekly News

            The San Antonio Herald says the Government has undertaken to establish a Tannery, and cotton and wool Factory in that city on a tract of 75 acres purchased of the city and some two miles above the city.  These public works are under the Superintendence of Maj. T. A. Washington Quartermaster.  The building for the Tannery is already in a state of forwardness, and is 90 feet by 275, and the vats are sufficient to contain 5000 hides at a time.  The cost of leather to the Government made in this Tannery is estimated at 50 cents per pound which is a saving of 500 per cent on present prices.  The cotton and woolen Factory is being built of stone and to be worked with water power.

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News of the Day

May 20, 1863, The Charleston Mercury

IMPORTANT FROM THE WEST –

LATEST NEWS FROM THE ARMIES OF GRANT AND JOHNSTON.

JACKSON, MISS., May 18. The enemy sent a flag of truce this evening to convey to our lines their principal surgeon, who has been left in charge of their wounded.

He states that, in the fight of Saturday GRANT captured 16 guns, but lost 6000 men. Our troops, according to his report, fell back across the Big Black, in the direction of Vicksburg, destroying the bridge after they had passed. The enemy then advanced eight miles north, and this morning found Gen. JOHNSTON’S forces in line of battle.

Our advices, on the contrary, say that we lost no artillery, that the bridge over the Big Black was not burned, and that, in the battle of Saturday, 12,000 of our men fought two of GRANT’S Army Corps, 24,000 men, with success, sustaining their position all day long, and only falling back at night to their entrenchments. Our loss was heavy. The battle was severe, but indecisive.

The enemy is in a position that enables him to cut off our communication with General JOHNSTON. Rumors, good and bad, are prevalent here, but we have nothing trustworthy later than the above.

LATEST FROM THE ENEMY’S LINES.

TULLAHOMA, May 19. All quiet in front. The Louisville and Nashville papers of the 16th have been received, but contain nothing important. The Press states that large numbers are daily leaving Memphis to reinforce GRANT.

On the 15th large numbers of rebel sympathizers were banished from Louisville. The scene was touching. Amid sobbing and weeping, fathers, mothers, and daughters were separated. Men with families were allowed to take a thousand dollars; and those without, [continue reading…]

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Robert M. McGill

Robert M. Magill – Personal Reminiscences of a Confederate Soldier Boy, 39th Georgia Regiment of Infantry

Tuesday, 19th.—We are surrounded; considerable cannonading on Chickasaw Bayou. Federal Regiment reported captured on the left. Our division on right wing occupying from the railroad to the river. Yankees charged, but were driven back with loss. Sharp shooting our artillery.


(Note: picture is of an unidentified Confederate soldier.)

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Downing’s Civil War Diary.–Alexander G. Downing.

Diary of Alexander G. Downing; Company E, Eleventh Iowa Infantry

Tuesday, 19th – All is quiet here at Grand Gulf. We heard some heavy cannonading up at Vicksburg. The Third Brigade of General Lauman’s Division arrived this afternoon, and about 10 o’clock our brigade (the Third of the Sixth Division) and the Third Brigade of Lauman’s received orders to embark at once for Vicksburg. The Eleventh and the Thirteenth got on board the “Queen Forest.”

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War Diary of Luman Harris Tenney.

War Diary of Luman Harris Tenney.

19th. Finished a letter. Henry Drake brought me a letter from Will Hudson. Good but rather discouraging. Beat Capt. Nettleton at two games of chess. Horse shod. Mike took him out to graze. Put up a fly for commissary. Read the Lorain News and also Herald. Compliment to Case. Favorable news from Grant, Jackson and Alexandria Banks.

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Cruise of the U.S. Flag-Ship Hartford -Wm. C. Holton

May 19th. Commences with clear and pleasant weather. Heard firing from twelve, midnight, to one A. M., in the direction of Port Hudson. From four o’clock until eight this morning, fresh easterly breezes; at five thirty A. M. steamer Price got under way and went up Red river, at twelve noon, the river steamer Empire Parish, “direct from New Orleans,” came out of Red river with a coal schooner in tow, and brought same alongside of us; at one P. M. the Empire Parish returned up Red river; and the crew employed coaling ship remainder of the day. Received fresh beef on board.

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…leaves in a day or two for the Southern Army

Diaries and Letters of Belle Edmondson

May TUESDAY 19, 1863

Shallie Kirk & Mr Geo Atchison came with me Home this evening, no trouble with the Pickets. Mr Atchison leaves in a day or two for the Southern Army—and we were fortunate enough to get every thing through which he will need.

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A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary

A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary at the Confederate States Capital, By John Beauchamp Jones
A likeness of Jones when he was editor and majority owner of the Daily Madisonian during President John Tyler’s administration.

MAY 19th.—A dispatch from Gen. Johnston says a battle has been fought between Pemberton and Grant, between Jackson and Vicksburg, Mississippi, which lasted nine hours. Pemberton was forced back. This is all we know yet.

Another letter, from Hon. W. Porcher Miles, remonstrating against the withdrawal of Beauregard’s troops, was received to-day. He apprehends the worst consequences.

The government is buying 5000 bales of cotton for the Crenshaw scheme. Jas. R. Crenshaw, of this city, is at Charleston on this business. Why not arrange with Lamar?

Gov. Shorter forwards another strongly written memorial from Mobile, against the traffic of cotton with the enemy, and, indeed, against all blockade-running.

Gov. Jno. Milton, of Florida, also writes a powerful denunciation of the illicit traffic, which it seems the policy of the government has been to encourage. They all say this traffic is doing the work of subjugation more effectually than the arms of the enemy.

The President is too ill again to come to the Executive Office. His messenger, who brought me some papers this morning, says he is in a “decline.” I think he has been ill every day for several years, but this has been his most serious attack. No doubt he is also worried at the dark aspects in his own State—Mississippi.

If Vicksburg falls, and the Valley be held by the enemy, then the Confederacy will be curtailed of half its dimensions. Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Missouri, Arizona, New Mexico, all the Indian country, Kentucky, half of Tennessee, one-third of Virginia, Eastern North Carolina, and sundry islands, etc. of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, will be wrested from us. What will remain of the Confederacy? Two-thirds of Virginia, half of Tennessee, the greater part of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and the whole of Alabama,—less than six States! But still the war will go on, as long as we have brave armies and great generals, whether the President lives or dies.

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News of the Day

From the diary of Osborn H. Oldroyd

MAY 19TH.–This day beholds a cordon of steel, with rivets of brave hearts, surrounding Vicksburg. The enemy left their fortifications on the first, twelfth, fourteenth, sixteenth and eighteenth of this month, and dealt their best blows to prevent the occurrence of what we have just accomplished–the surrounding of their well fortified city. We have now come here to compel them to surrender, and we are prepared to do it either by charge or by siege, and they cannot say to us nay. They have fought well to keep their homes free from invasion, and surely deserve praise for their brave return to battle after so many defeats. Our army encircles the city from the river above to the river below, a distance of seven and a half miles.

The three corps have taken respective positions as follows: Sherman’s Fifteenth occupies the right of the line, resting on the river above; General McClernand’s Thirteenth touches the river below, while McPherson’s Seventeenth stands in the center. Our own division, commanded by Logan, occupies the road leading to Jackson.

In taking our position we did a great deal of skirmishing, and I suppose the same difficulty was probably experienced by the rest of the line. We have been nineteen days on the march aroundVicksburg, and the time has been full of excitement–quite too varied for a comprehensive view just now, but those who have borne a part in it will store it all away in memory, to be gone over between comrades by piece-meal, when they meet after the war is over.

The personal experience of even the humblest soldier will get a hearing in years to come, for it is the little things in an unusual life that are most entertaining, and personal observations from the rank and file, narrated by those who saw what they describe, will make some of the most instructive paragraphs of the war’s history.

This has been a day to try the nerves of the boys, while taking position in front to invest the doomed city. It has been a day to try men’s souls, and hearts, too. The long lines of rebel earthworks following the zig-zag courses of the hills, and black field guns still menacing from their port-holes, bristle with defiance to the invaders.

Our regiment, the 20th Ohio, being ordered in position on the Jackson road, immediately passed to the left in front of Fort Hill, where it stood ready to charge at a moment’s notice. Meanwhile Colonel Force cautiously made his way in front of the different companies and spoke familiarly to his men words of encouragement. Said he, “boys, I expect we shall be ordered to charge the fort. I shall run right at it, and I hope every man will follow me.” At that instant a soldier of one of the companies on the left was found snugly hid in a ravine under the roots of a tree, and his lieutenant’s attention being called to the fact, he was ordered out, when he replied, “lieutenant, I do not believe I am able to make such a charge.”

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Map of Vicksburg, showing the river front and the positions of the Union and Confederate lines in the rear.

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News of the Day

May 19, 1863, The Charleston Mercury

LATEST FROM THE WEST.

BRANDON, Miss., May 16, (via Montgomery May 17.) Five gentlemen rode to Jackson today and traversed the city. The enemy evacuated the place about two o’clock. Their force is supposed to be about 40,000. They have retreated towards Vicksburg. Firing has been heard in that direction. It is believed that Gen. PEMBERTON is in the enemy’s rear. The Yankees, before leaving, burned the Confederate forage and the Depot, the Penitentiary, GREEN’S and PHILIPS’ Factories, STEVENS’ Foundry, WERNER’S Hat Factory, a block of buildings on State street, including the Medical Purveyor’s and other Government offices, and both bridges over the Pearl River. They also destroyed several miles of railroad track. It was reported in Mobile that some of this burning was done before we retired – several Confederate houses having been burned by the property holders.

MOBILE, May 18. A despatch from Jackson, dated today, says that a heavy but indecisive battle occurred near Edward’s Depot on Saturday. We fell back to our own entrenchments. The loss was heavy on both sides. General TILGHMAN was killed.

A despatch to the Advertiser and Register confirms the previous accounts of the damage done by the enemy to the town of Jackson. The Catholic Church was destroyed. The Mississippian office was gutted, the presses broken, and the type thrown into the street. The furniture in the Capitol was badly abused, and the [continue reading…]

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News of the Day
1860s newsprint

May 19, 1863, Peoria Morning Mail (Illinois)

Cairo, May 18th.

            By arrival of the steamer Luminary we have news from Grant’s advance to the 11th and Milliken’s Bend the 14th.

            It is reported that Generals Logan and Osterhaus are marching towards Jackson, driving Bowen before them, while Grant is marching up the Black River expecting to engage Pemberton near the bridge over that stream.

            A letter dated Jackson the 12th ins., says, Bowen has been compelled to fall back from Raymond, and was hourly expecting that the federals would take possession of the town.  The women and children and valuable stores had been sent to Meridian, and all the men had been forced into the rebel army.  It is further said that Osterhaus had made large captures of men, artillery, ammunition and commissary stores a few miles from Raymond.  Bowen’s forces are estimated at 15,000 and Pembertons at 50,000.  The latter is reported strongly entrenched near the bridge, and a great battle there is eminent.

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News of the Day

May 19, 1863, The Charleston Mercury

(From the Examiner of Saturday.)

We regret to have to announce this morning one of the most serious conflagrations that has afflicted Richmond for several years, involving not only loss of private property to the amount of half a million or more, but a short delay in the supply of some kinds of war munitions, the manufacture of which has been interrupted, we learn, only temporarily. The conflagration originated about two o’clock yesterday morning, in the Crenshaw Woolen Factory, a brick structure of five stories front, and six in the rear, situated in the midst of the buildings composing the Tredegar Iron Works, on the James, between the canal and the river. The factory was built about seven years ago for Messrs. Crenshaw & Haxall, as a flouring mill; but about the commencement of the war the machinery for the manufacture of cloth was substituted by an Association, under the style of the ‘Crenshaw Woolen Factory,’ and the same went into operation quite extensively. The factory was worked at night, and the fire is supposed to have originated from fire engendered during the night in the picker room, which was on the second floor. The firm are said to have had three watchmen on the second floor of the building; but so rapid was the spread of the flames that a young man named Carey, in the building, barely escaped with his shoes and part of his clothing in his hand. So combustible was the nature of the refuse oil and wool that fed the sparks that the flames leaped almost instantly through the range of stories, and burst roaring from the windows before the alarm could be sounded by the Tredegar bell. Mr. W. F. Tanner, the General Superintendent of the Tredegar Works, was at his residence, on Third street, between Canal and Byrd, when the alarm rang, and knowing the bell he hastened down. The rolling mill was in operation, and the workmen were turned out with buckets to protect the surrounding buildings, from the midst of which rose the Crenshaw factory, now a pyramid of flames, and showering [continue reading…]

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News of the Day
1860s newsprint

May 19, 1863, Savannah Republican (Georgia)

            Brandon, Miss., May 16.–Five gentlemen who rode to Jackson to-day, and traversed the place while there, report that the city was evacuated by the enemy about two o’clock.  They are supposed to number about 40,000, and they retreated in the direction of Vicksburg.  Firing was heard by the party in that direction, and they suppose Pemberton was in their rear.

            Before leaving Jackson, the enemy burnt the Confederate House, the railroad depots, Green & Phillip’s factories, Storm’s foundry, Lenoir’s hat factory, together with a block of buildings on State street, including the Medical Purveyor’s and other government offices.  Both bridges over Pearl river were destroyed, together with several miles of railroad track.

            It is reported in Mobile that some of this burning was done by the Confederates before they retired.  The Confederate House was burned by the proprietors.

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News of the Day

May 19, 1863, Savannah Republican (Georgia)

            Although Hooker crossed the river without baggage, the spoils of the battle field have proved unusually valuable.  Already fifty thousand muskets and rifles have been picked up and secured, and are being sent to Richmond by rail.  The quantity of great coats, knapsacks and rations, thrown away by the enemy, exceeds anything that has occurred during the war.–Richmond Examiner, 15th.

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Robert M. McGill

Robert M. Magill – Personal Reminiscences of a Confederate Soldier Boy, 39th Georgia Regiment of Infantry

Monday, 18th.—A. M., all quiet; about 12 o’clock put in ditches; don’t know whether Yanks are coming on us or not. 5 P. M. skirmishing on the left; two hundred and forty of 39th missing; twenty-four out of Company F.


(Note: picture is of an unidentified Confederate soldier.)

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Diary of a Southern Refugee, Judith White McGuire.

Diary of a Southern Refugee During the War by Judith White McGuire

Monday, May 18th.—This morning we had the gratification of a short visit from General Lee. He called and breakfasted with us, while the other passengers in the cars breakfasted at the hotel. We were very glad to see that great and good man look so well and so cheerful. His beard is very long, and painfully gray, which makes him appear much older than he really is. One of the ladies at table, with whom he is closely connected, rallied him on allowing his beard to grow, saying, ” Cousin R., it makes you look too venerable for your years.” He was amused, and pleaded as his excuse the inconvenience of shaving in camp. “Well,” she replied, ” if I were in Cousin Mary’s place (Mrs. L’s) I would allow it to remain now, but I would take it off as soon as the war is over.” He answered, while a shade passed over his bright countenance, “When the war is over, my dear L., she may take my beard off, and my head with it, if she chooses.” This he said as the whistle summoned him to his seat in the cars, not meaning to depress us, or imagining for an instant that we would think of it again; but it proved to us that he knew that the end was not yet, and disappointed us, for after every great victory we cannot help hoping that the Federal Government may be tired of war and bloodshed, rapine and murder, and withdraw its myriads to more innocent pursuits.

Yesterday evening we were agreeably surprised by a call from W. B. C., just recovered from his dreadful wound, received at [continue reading…]

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Downing’s Civil War Diary.–Alexander G. Downing.

Diary of Alexander G. Downing; Company E, Eleventh Iowa Infantry

Monday, 18th – A despatch from the front informs us that General Grant has taken the railroad bridge across the Big Black river in the rear of Vicksburg. The troops also took some prisoners. The Eleventh Iowa, accompanied by a gunboat, went on a scout up the Big Black river to destroy a bridge which the rebels had built in the last few days. This river empties into the Mississippi a short distance above our camp.

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War Diary of Luman Harris Tenney.

War Diary of Luman Harris Tenney.

Monday, 18th. Got Victor Hugo and finished it. An interesting and profitable work, a few exceptions. Capt. Hayes and A. B. called a little while. Gave them some pickles and H. bread and butter. In the evening wrote to Fannie. A delightful day. What a blessing, such weather and good health. Thede has a troublesome boil.

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Cruise of the U.S. Flag-Ship Hartford -Wm. C. Holton

May 18th. At nine twenty A. M. the Sachem came down and out of Red river, and anchored ahead of us. The Albatross got under way and went down the Mississippi river. Saw the smoke of a steamer up Red river; at twelve, noon, the ram Switzerland came out of Red river, and communicated with us; at two P. M. the iron-clad Pittsburgh got under way and went down the Mississippi. Ram Switzerland went up Red river. A steamer reported coming down the Mississippi river; at five P. M. the ram Gen. Sterling Price, arrived from Vicksburg; at nine thirty P. M. ram Switzerland returned from a reconnoissance up Red river, having nothing, though, to report, and anchored ahead of us.

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Civil War

From the diary of Osborn H. Oldroyd

MAY 18TH.–The army last night made pontoons, on which this morning the Black River has been crossed. McClernand is on the left, McPherson in the center, and Sherman on the right. In this position the three great corps will move to Vicksburg by different roads. We are nearing the doomed city, and are now on the lookout for fun.

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Sherman’s men inflating rubber pontoon on which to cross Big Black River

As we crossed the river and marched up the bank, a brass band stood playing national airs. O, how proud we felt as we marched through the rebel works, and up to the muzzles of the abandoned guns that had been planted to stay our progress. Every man felt the combined Confederate army could not keep us out of Vicksburg. It was a grand sight, the long lines of infantry moving over the pontoons, and winding their way up the bluffs, with flags flying in the breeze, and the morning sun glancing upon the guns as they lay across the shoulders of the boys. Cheer after cheer went up in welcome and triumph from the thousands who had already crossed and stood in waiting lines upon the bluff above. This is supposed to be the last halting place before we knock for admittance at our goal–the boasted Gibraltar of the west.

Our division has made a long march to-day, and we have bivouaced for the night without supper, and with no prospect of breakfast, for our rations have been entirely exhausted. Murmurings and complaints are loud and deep, and the swearing fully up to the army standard. General Leggett walked into our camp, and in his usual happy way inquired, “Well, boys, have you had your supper?” “No, General, we have not had any.” “Well, boys, I have not had any either, and we shall probably have to fight for our breakfast.” “Very well, General ; guess we can stand it as well as you,” came the ready answer from a score of us, and resignation settled back upon the features of tired and hungry, but unsubdued, patriot soldiers.

“You may study the hopeful, bright brows of these men,
Who have marched all day over hill and through glen,
Half clad and unfed; but who is it will dare
Claim to find on those faces one trace of despair?”

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News of the Day

May 18, 1863, The New York Herald

By the arrival of the steamer George Washington, from New Orleans on the 9th instant, we have a full account of the capture of Alexandria, on the Red river, by Admiral Porter, the arrival of Admiral Farragut at New Orleans, and an intensely interesting and most valuable description of the cavalry raid of Colonel Grierson with his gallant Illinois cavalry, which will be found in our Baton Rouge correspondence. His expedition was a magnificent success. He cut his way through the enemy’s country with two regiments of cavalry, destroying on his route four millions of rebel property, capturing over a thousand men and twelve hundred horses, demolishing a camp of instruction, with all its equipments, cutting the communication on the great Northern and New Orleans and Jackson railroads and destroying a large number of cars, telegraph wire, water tanks and army stores. After passing through many dangers and working terrible damage he arrived at Baton Rouge on the 1st inst., to the great surprise of the inhabitants. From thence he pushed on to New Orleans, where he was received with great eclat, as will be seen by our correspondent’s description. The whole movement only occupied seventeen days. This is certainly one of the most brilliant feats of the war.

We have received from the Southern journals a number of highly interesting articles, chiefly dwelling upon the disastrous effects of these grand cavalry raids of ours in Virginia, Mississippi and Georgia, in which it will be seen the enemy admit that terrible damage has been done by our forces in these States. The Richmond journals also lay great stress upon the occupation of West Point, Virginia, by the Union forces, intimating that its possession would be an incalculable damage to that large and most productive portion of Virginia, which, having thus far escaped the ravages of war, has supplied the people of Richmond and the troops and hospitals with large and indispensable supplies of breadstuffs and other provisions. Such is the opinion of the Examiner. And it further states that the presence of an army at West Point will completely paralyze the [continue reading…]

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News of the Day
1860s newsprint

May 18, 1863, Savannah Republican (Georgia)

            We are gratified to learn that this distinguished gentleman has been appreciated in Georgia and assigned to the control of an important interest.  He has been chosen President of the Etowah Iron Mining Company, in Bartow county, who have one among the finest works of the kind in the country.  It is said, and we believe correctly, that, in order to secure his valuable services, the Company transferred to him stock to the amount of $25,000, besides voting him an annual salary of $7,000.

            We congratulate the Etowah Company on their good fortune in securing such superior scientific acquirements and business qualifications in the direction of their important interest.

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News of the Day

May 18, 1863, The New York Herald

Our latest news from the Southwest indicates a successful issue to General Grant’s inland movement in Mississippi for the reduction of Jackson and Vicksburg.

The advanced detachments of his army, wherever they had come into contact with an opposing column of the enemy, had, after a severe contest, invariably routed it. The last reported engagement of this character, (according to a rebel despatch to the Richmond Enquirer, was on the 12th or 13th instant, at Raymond,) some five or six miles from the Jackson and Vicksburg Railroad, from which point, after a fight of several hours, the rebels fell back to Mississippi Spring, where they had reinforcements; but the Chattanooga Rebel of the 16th says that the rebels were driven out of Jackson on the 14th, after a hard day’s fight, not being able to hold that city. Meantime the main body of Gen. Grant’s army was at Willow Spring and among the hills in that vicinity, some thirty miles below Raymond, and in close communication with his base of supplies at Grand Gulf. With his army strongly intrenched against the possible contingency of a rebel sortie in force down the country from Vicksburg, General Grant was awaiting the reinforcements that were moving to his support from various points along the Mississippi river between Memphis and Baton Rouge.

The rebels estimate the forces under General Grant command at one hundred and twenty thousand men; and yet, while they are evidently uneasy and perplexed, they profess considerable confidence in their ability to expel him. Doubtless they have scoured all the Southwest to strengthen Gen. Pemberton, and have thus, in all probability, given [continue reading…]

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